Ultrasonic Cleaning of Parts After Machining

Ultrasonic Cleaning of Parts After Machining

Introduction

After machining, parts retain oils, coolants, abrasive particles, metal chips, and micro-contaminants. Even minimal residues can negatively affect coating adhesion, assembly accuracy, and surface appearance. Ultrasonic cleaning is one of the most effective methods to achieve a high level of cleanliness without damaging the surface.

Principle of Ultrasonic Cleaning

The process is based on the cavitation effect: ultrasonic waves (typically 20–40 kHz) generate millions of microscopic bubbles in the liquid. When these bubbles collapse, they remove contaminants even from hard-to-reach areas such as holes, threads, grooves, and microcracks.

Types of Contaminants Removed

• cutting fluids and oil residues;

• metal dust and abrasive particles;

• grinding and polishing compounds;

• corrosion and oxidation products;

• fingerprints and organic contaminants.

Key Advantages

• High efficiency for complex geometries

• No mechanical damage to precision surfaces

• Reduced cleaning time

• Consistent quality in serial production

• Lower defect rates before coating or assembly

Selection of Cleaning Solutions

• water-based alkaline solutions for oils and coolants;

• neutral solutions for aluminum and non-ferrous metals;

• specialized solutions for medical and precision components.

Main Process Parameters

• Frequency:

  • 20–28 kHz — heavy contamination

  • 35–45 kHz — delicate and precision parts

• Temperature: 40–60 °C

• Cleaning time: 2–15 minutes

• Power: adjusted to tank volume and load

Common Mistakes

• using an unsuitable cleaning solution;

• excessive temperature;

• too much power for thin-walled parts;

• insufficient rinsing and drying.

Areas of Application

• mechanical and precision engineering;

• automotive and aerospace industries;

• medical device manufacturing;

• preparation for electroplating, anodizing, and painting.

Conclusion

Ultrasonic cleaning is not just a washing step but a critical operation that directly impacts product quality, reliability, and production efficiency.